Climate Change – Reading Passage (Intermediate Level)

Climate Change

Climate change is a significant and lasting change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It may be a change in average weather conditions, or in the distribution of weather around the average conditions .

Climate change is caused by factors that include oceanic processes (such as oceanic circulation), bioticprocesses, variations in solar radiation received by Earth, plate tectonics and volcanic eruptions, and human-induced alterations of the natural world; these human-induced effects are currently causing global warming, and “climate change” is often used to describe human-specific impacts.

Scientists actively work to understand past and future climate by using observations and theoretical models. A climate record — extending deep into the Earth’s past — has been assembled, and continues to be built up, based on geological evidence from borehole temperature profiles, cores removed from deep accumulations of ice, floral and faunal records, glacial and periglacial processes, stable-isotope and other analyses of sediment layers, and records of past sea levels. More recent data are provided by the instrumental record.

General circulation models, based on physics, are often used in theoretical approaches to match past climate data, make future projections, and link causes and effects in climate change.

Words & Means
distribution	: when something is supplied or given out to people or places
average	: usual and like the most common type
process	: a series of actions that you take in order to achieve a result
eruption	: If a volcano erupts, it suddenly throws out smoke, fire, and melted rocks
impact	: the effect that a person, event, or situation has on someone or something
observation	: when someone watches someone or something carefully
assemble	: to join other people somewhere to make a group, or to bring people together into a group
accumulation	: to increase in amount over a period of time, or to make something increase over a period of time
sediment	: a solid substance that forms a layer at the bottom of a liquid

Source: wikipedia.com